In environmental monitoring aspect, the wireless sensor networking has the remarkable superiority. So, it has the significant significance to wireless sensor networking research, especially to its project application aspect's research. This topic applies the newest research results of the wireless sensor networking zigbee in the reality engineering project, proposes one kind of mine safety observation system, and realizes the mine environmental monitoring function. It can substitute for the tradition mine safety observation system's main line type data transmission and the RFID localization.It make the node arrangement simple, the migration convenient, the thing solid, the pointing accuracy high, the cost inexpensive and so on.This article compares the wireless communication technology of ZigBee, bluetooth, Wi-Fi and so on. We used ZigBee technology to make this system's wireless communication way, and discussed the superiority of this technical superiority thoroughly. We have researched the monolithic integrated circuit PIC18LF4620 and the radio frequency chip CC2420's function structure and the working principle. We designed the wireless radio frequency module with them, and completed the intelligent sensor wireless communication platform hardware building. We designed the connection of the sensor DS18B20 and module ZigBee. We have given the wireless data acquisition system's overall hardware architecture diagram, and designed temperature warning software routine between the sensor node and the central node. on the serial port debugging aids of PC machine, we demonstrated the network operational aspect real-time, and examined the movement result of the warning system. The test result has met the anticipated requirements.